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Chemical reactions take different forms: It pops or bubbles, but sometimes a reaction is barely visible. The film shows the common features of chemical reactions: Starting material and product, exothermic and endothermic reactions as well as the most important influencing variables of chemical reactions.
In neutralization reactions, the pH values of acids and bases cancel each other out. The film shows this using the reaction of hydrochloric acid and caustic soda as an example. The products are described, the titration procedure and the use of neutralization reactions in everyday life are demonstrated.
Im Krieg in der Ukraine werden inzwischen intelligente und erschreckend autonome Drohnen eingesetzt. Hat eine Seite sie, muss die andere nachziehen. Ein von KI unterstütztes Wettrüsten beginnt, das sich trotz erheblicher ethischer und rechtlicher Implikationen wohl kaum mehr aufhalten lassen wird.
Each element has a name. The subject of this film is how the naming is done. The names consist of the names of the elements in combination with a multiplication affix and a suffix. This film explains the nomenclature (i.e., the naming system) of inorganic compounds in an entertaining and step-by-step manner.
Topic of this film is the reaction of water with different substance groups, acidic and alkaline solutions. Substances that give off protons when they react with water are called acids, and substances that take up protons in a reaction with water are called bases. Gaseous acids and bases are often extremely soluble in water.
There are different groups of substances to which substances are assigned according to their characteristic properties. The film shows what these properties are, namely the state of aggregation, the melting or boiling temperature, metallic sheen, hardness, density, solubility and finally conductivity.
Silver is considered to be the second most precious metal after gold. Silver is a brilliant white precious metal and with a density of 10.4 g/cm³, it is one of the heavy metals. Of all metals, it is the most reflective and absorbent of light. The film presents the properties of silver and how it reacts with other substances.
Sulfur was already used 5000 years before Christ to bleach textiles and as a disinfectant. As one of the most reactive elements, sulfur consists of atoms arranged in a ring. The video introduces the different forms of sulfur and shows in several experiments how it behaves and reacts with other elements.
For a long time, it was considered certain that organic substances could not be produced from inorganic ones. The mixture of potassium cyanate and ammonium sulphate, which produces organic urea, disproved this thesis. The film shows the experiment including the proof and explains the many uses of urea.
Titration is used for the exact measurement of amounts and is a part of quantitative analytical chemistry. The most important instrument in titration is the burette, a glass tube with a scale. With its help, the concentration of a sample solution can be determined by adding a precise amount of a known standard solution.
This film is about the separation methods that can be used to split mixtures into their different components. It explains the separation methods decantation, sedimentation, sink-float separation, centrifugation, picking, filtration, evaporation, distillation, adsorption, extraction, chromatography, and combinations thereof.
A redox reaction happens when oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Redox reactions are necessary to extract metals like iron or copper. This video explains what oxidizing agents and reducing agents are, why some metals don´t easily react with oxygen, and uses experiments to demonstrate redox reactions.
A water molecule, one of the most important solvents, is made up of two hydrogen and one oxygen atom. Due to the position of the atoms, the electrical charge in the molecule is asymmetrical. The hydrogen molecule has an electrical plus and negative pole. The film shows what water´s property as a solvent is all about.
Metals that quickly release electrons, electron donors, are called non-precious. Electron acceptors, i.e., metals that release only very few or no electrons at all, are precious. Metals can be put into an order, the electrochemical series, according to the readiness with which they release electrons.
Chemical equilibriums occur when reversible reactions take place in a closed system. Most chemical reactions are not only unidirectional, but are rather reversible. Chemical and dynamic equilibrium are demonstrated with various experiments. The equilibrium constant is explained and the law of mass action described.
Due to its properties, the element zinc is an important working metal and in combination with other metals plays an important in metalworking. The film presents zinc´s properties and how it reacts with acids and bases. It also looks into the role of zinc in electrochemistry and in the human body´s metabolic processes.
Oxidation is a chemical reaction. It runs when a candle is burning or a rocket is launched. An old rusted iron fence is actually the result of oxidation. And oxidation reactions even take place in our bodies. In this video, the characteristics of chemical reactions are explained and illustrated through different examples.
Synthetic fibers are made from petroleum and natural gas. This video takes a look at organic and synthetic molecule chains as well as thermoplastic and duroplastic materials, explains the difference between monomers and polymers and gives a brief overview over the history of synthetic fibers like Nylon.
Imagining modern life without plastics is almost impossible. We use them in construction, as food packaging, paints, or clothing. Polymerization is the reaction used in their manufacture. This video takes a closer look at how monomers are combined to form polymers and gives a brief overview over the history of plastics.
Petroleum is one of the most important raw materials. We have been using it for almost 200 years - intensively so for 100. Most of it is used for heating and other energy needs. But petroleum is also indispensable in the production of drugs and other products. Because it is a finite resource, it gets less and less.
The particle model helps us get an idea of the structure and properties of substances. Sugar, for instance, can appear as rock candy, granulated sugar or icing, and can even be fully dissolved in water - all without a change to its particles. This film visualizes the particle model using different experiments.
It is the most abundant element on Earth and almost all living beings need it - oxygen. Under normal conditions, it is a colourless and odourless gas, occurring as a two-atom molecule. This video explains oxygen´s properties, shows its position in the periodic table, and demonstrates its high reactivity in several experiments.
We encounter sodium in various forms in many places in everyday life, including the kitchen. The film introduces sodium and sodium hydroxide, points out their differences, and demonstrates their material properties by means of experiments. The very different uses of the reactive element are also shown.
The substances dealt with in chemistry almost never occur in pure form naturally. Even substances that we consider to be "pure" contain admixtures of other substances. Topics of this film are the different mixtures of solid, liquid and gaseous substances and their different types of heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
Basen und Laugen begegnen wir in vielen Alltagsprodukten. Der Film demonstriert ihre Herstellung, klärt über ihre Eigenschaften auf und erläutert verschiedene Vorgänge anhand von Laborversuchen. Natronlauge, Phenolphthalein, die Chloralkalielektrolyse, Kalk und Metalloxide sind einige Themen der Kapitel.
Materials that by their mere presence can enable or speed up reactions that would either not even happen at all or take much longer to run without them are called catalysts. Catalysts are not involved in those reactions and come out untouched. They lower the activation energy and therefore speed up the reaction rate.